History of Ireland in 1800's
Irish history in the 1800's saw the introduction of the Act of Union after the Irish Rebellion of 1798 by the United Irishmen and Wolfe Tone. England regained direct power over Ireland and became part of the state of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. This brought major changes for the Irish people as decisions on the Irish economy would be made by people in London who had little understanding of Ireland and its needs.
The people of Ireland had been divided on the "Act of Union" with nationalists wanting Ireland run by the Irish within Ireland and who felt uncomfortable that Britain was making decisions for them. With the majority of Unionists being descended of English and Scottish settlers from the 16th Century & 17th Century they believed they were just as much British as they were Irish and remained loyal to the British monarchy, this is where the term loyalist derived from.
Daniel O'Connell
During the 1830's Daniel O'Connell attempted to have the Act of Union repealed and for an Irish Parliament to be setup but still to have the Queen of Britain also act as the Queen of Ireland. O'Connell did this by having MP's elected into British parliament to try and persuade the establishment of the Irish Parliament but the idea was rejected by the British and forgotten after Daniel O'Connell's death in 1847.
Young Irelanders
The Young Irelanders came about in the 1840s and believed that Ireland should cut all ties with Britain and setup a separate Irish state. The methods of the Young Irelanders was one of force as they knew the British would never agree to a separate Irish State so during 1848 they attempted a revolution but were defeated.
Irish Republican Brotherhood
A member of the Young Irelanders by the name of James Stephens established a new movement called the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) also known as the Fenian Brotherhood. Their goal was to be the same as the Young Irelanders, a free Ireland and completely separate from Britain and who were prepared to use violence to reach their goals.
The Great Famine of Ireland
Between 1846-51 Ireland was suffer from a number of different famines. These would have a drastic effect on the population with many people and other fleeing to other counties. The great famine in Ireland would become a major piece in Irish history but would also lay down the foundations of the Irish culture spreading to other parts of the world.
GAA Organization is formed
By the late 1800's the GAA was formed by Michael Cusack who believed that British sport was to blame as one of the reasons why Irish identity was being undermined in Ireland. The GAA had promoted athletics with Gaelic football and hurling later. Read more on the Gaelic Athletic Association and how it was formed.
Gaelic League is formed
By 1893 the Gaelic league was formed in Ireland by Douglas Hyde and Eoin MacNeill to revive the Irish language which fading fast from Irish culture. They believed the Irish language was the key to persevering Irish culture, traditions and customs.
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19th Century History Timeline
- 1801 - The Act of Union comes into effect - the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland is created.
- - The Apprentice Boys Of Derry, a Protestant fraternal society, is founded.
- 1823 - The Catholic Association is founded by Daniel O'Connell Young Ireland (Éire Óg), a political, cultural and social movement was formed.
- 1845 - Famine occurs, also refered to as the Great Hunger of the 1800's.
- - Queen's Colleges at Belfast, Cork, and Galway are established.
- 1846 - Charles Stewart Parnell was born.
- 1847 - Daniel O'Connell dies Queen's Colleges at Belfast, Cork, and Galway are established.
- 1858 - The Irish Republican Brotherhood is formed.
- - The Fenian Brotherhood is founded.
- 1867 - The Fenian Rising of 1867 starts a rebellion against English rule in Ireland.
- - The Home Rule League was formed and led by Isaac Butt.
- - Charles Stewart Parnell is elected to the House of Commons as a Home Rule League MP.
- - James Connolly is born.
- 1879 - The Irish National Land League is founded and Charles Stewart.
- - Parnell is elected as president of the lague. Royal University of Ireland is founded.
- - Pádraig Pearse is born.
- 1882 - James Joyce is born.
- The Gaelic Athletic Association is formed to promote native Irish pastimes such as sports.
- 1890 - Michael Collins is born.
- 1893 - The Gaelic League formed.
- The Irish Socialist Republican Party is founded by James Connolly.
